The extension of jihadist terrorism in the Sahel central is, without a doubt, one of the major challenges facing Africa in 2020. Until only a few years, this threat seemed to be confined to Mali, and northeast Nigeria from the hand of Boko Haram. However, in 2018 and 2019, the intense activity carried on by groups such as Ansarul Islam, Islamic State in the Great Sahara (EIGS) and the Front Support for Islam and the Muslims (JNIM, by its acronym in Arabic), has transferred the scene of violence in the Niger and Burkina Faso, where the attacks are intended to sow the division of the confessional. The country has a 65% muslim and 35% christian. Ansarul Islam is the first jihadist group to source from burkina faso, created around the figure of Ibrahim Malam Dicko, a preacher radicalised in the shadow of the malian Amadou Kufa, and has not ceased to sow terror since it premiered in 2016 with an attack against the military. In the call area of the three borders between Burkina Faso, Mali and Niger, in the Sahel central, there is not a single week without a fatal attack (there were 2,500 of those killed in the three countries in the first half of 2019). The States of the region, united in the G5 Sahel, have proven incapable of putting a stop to the attacks, while France, who begins to suffer a high cost in human lives, looking to rethink its operation Barkhane against jihadism in the region.
In a key election, it is expected that a dozen african countries choose the president. However, two focus all eyes. The first is Guinea, where the ambition of its president Alpha Condé to promote a constitutional reform could hide the intention to run for a third term. The demonstrations against this possibility have already caused thirty dead in Conakri and other cities of the country. If it goes through that Condé intends to opt-in to the re-election would be with the rejection of all the opposition and a good part of the street.
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The violence and the exodus forced bleeds in the Sahel Burkina Faso, in the target of the terror The Army pushes Al-Bashir from power after 30 years and take control of Sudan, The Ethiopian prime minister, Abiy Ahmed, wins the Nobel Peace Prize 2019
The prime minister of ethiopia and recent Nobel Peace Prize, Abiy Ahmed, will hold its first major test of fire internal with the legislative elections which will be held next may. Ahmed, that he remains at the head of the ruling coalition that is now in the process of becoming a single party, it could be expensive, if they finally decide to go to the polls, with the employer Jawar Mohammed, an ethnic oromo, as Abiy, but very critical of the drift of his Government. The recent demonstrations organized by Mohamed have shown that its popularity grows in a context of conflict ethnic difficult to embridar. Only in 2019 were killed 1,200 people as a result of these tensions and a million people had to flee their homes.
Another country that can lead the way in 2020 is Sudan, where civilians and military formed a transitional Government following the overthrow last April of the dictator Omar Al-Bashir after three decades in power. Al-Bashir was sentenced last month by a crime of corruption to two years of detention, who will meet in a reformatory and not in prison. The transition Government has just come up with the problem of West Darfur, the region in which broke out in 2003, a conflict that killed 300,000 people. After a period of relative calm since 2010, three years ago revived the fighting occasional among the tribes that aligned themselves with Al-Bashir and the rebels. This Monday, the Executive announced the sending of reinforcements by police and military and the stalling of the peace talks with the rebel groups in the wake of an outbreak of tribal violence that left 41 dead.
