independence is no longer what it was ; the birth of a State has become extremely rare. When childbirth occurs, however, it takes place in the throes and the new-born is complicating the conflict more than it resolves it.
It was otherwise sixty years ago. It is in the popular jubilation that the ex-French colonies in sub-saharan Africa gained sovereignty in 1960. Nothing that in the month of August of this year, the Benin, Niger, Burkina Faso, Côte d’ivoire, Chad, the central african Republic, the Congo, and Gabon succeeded. “The black sun of withi…
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