After supporters of the influential Shiite leader Muqtada al-Sadr attacked the government palace in Baghdad, the number of victims rose to eleven. Medical circles also informed the German Press Agency late in the evening that 160 people had been injured in clashes with security forces.
Iraqi forces fired shots and tear gas to evict protesters from the government palace. Shortly before the storm, the 48-year-old clergyman had announced his retirement from politics. The office of Prime Minister Mustafa al-Kasimi is located in the building in what is actually a highly secured Green Zone.
This further intensifies the political crisis in Iraq after demonstrators broke into the parliament building a month ago. Ten months after the parliamentary elections, the parties are still unable to agree on a president or a head of government, while the country is groaning under an economic crisis, inflation and corruption. Although al-Sadr’s movement emerged as the clear winner in the election, it failed to secure the important two-thirds majority required for the presidential election. This created a political stalemate.
For the second time since 2014, al-Sadr has announced his retirement from politics. “I had decided not to get involved in political affairs, but now I am announcing my final retirement and the closure of all facilities,” he tweeted. Religious institutions directly associated with him are excluded. “If I die or am killed, I ask for your prayers.”
Assault on Green Zone
Less than two hours after the announcement, demonstrators poured into the Green Zone. Some carried photos of al-Sadr. “This is a people’s revolution, not a Sadrist movement,” some shouted. Others called for the “overthrow of the regime”. The protesters removed barriers and climbed over fences. Security forces tried to disperse the crowd with water cannons. The siege of the palace continued despite a curfew in place from mid-afternoon. A nationwide curfew is to come into force from the evening.
Videos showed a cheering crowd in the plush rooms. One protester said protesters would wander through offices, others would swim in a swimming pool outside. However, no public property will be damaged. Security forces tried to force the protesters out of the palace with smoke grenades.
Prime Minister Al-Kasimi suspended all cabinet meetings until further notice. He spoke of “dangerous developments” and “serious consequences of ongoing political differences”. He asked al-Sadr to call the demonstrators to order. In Dhi Kar in the south, his supporters stormed a provincial government building. Others set fire to car tires on the street there.
Protracted Crisis
Iraq has been in a deep political crisis for months. After the parliamentary elections around ten months ago, this had become increasingly difficult. Al-Sadr’s movement emerged as the clear victor at the time, but failed to secure the important two-thirds majority required for the presidential election. A new government can only be formed with the support of the head of state. This created a political stalemate.
Al-Sadr has thus given up his attempt to reform the political system in Iraq with the help of parliament for the time being. After the fall of long-term dictator Saddam Hussein, the USA introduced a system of proportional representation, according to which the president is always a Kurd, the prime minister a Shiite and the speaker of the parliament a Sunni. In addition, al-Sadr wanted to curb the influence of Shiite parties supported by Iran.
With “pressure from the streets” and a storming of parliament, the al-Sadr movement finally wanted to prevent its political opponents around ex-prime minister Nuri al-Maliki, who have close ties to Iran, from forming a government. Most recently, the 48-year-old religious leader had called for new elections. His rivals, meanwhile, have put forward their own prime ministerial candidate, which al-Sadr opposes because of his closeness to al-Maliki.
Muqtada al-Sadr comes from a family of prominent clerics. After the US army invaded Iraq in 2003, he founded a militia, the “Mahdi Army”. Al-Sadr meanwhile lived in Iran.
