Seemingly unstoppable, the new Coronavirus (Sars-CoV-2) moving around the world. To date, almost 19 million are in the lung Covid-19, which is caused by Sars-CoV-2 suffering, ill, over 700,000 of them died.
but how did the pathogen come from? In addition, the experts are baffled still – until now. It is presumed that the Virus jumped from an animal to humans; biologists speak here of a zoonosis. As the original host, the researchers have bats – i.e. bats and flying foxes, but also the Pangolin was not initially suspected.
- All the news of the Coronavirus pandemic, you read in the News-Ticker of FOCUS Online.
Strong Similarities to Pangolin-virus
Perhaps both species are involved in the zoonosis. Because the binding to human cells important sting protein of Sars-CoV-2 is the Protein of some of the Pangolinen occurring coronaviruses are particularly similar. This suggests that the Virus jumped from bats to the Pangolins, and then from this intermediate host to humans.
Such a bat viruses are also explored in the Virology Institute in Wuhan. Therefore, it was temporarily suspected that the causative agent might be there and escaped arisen. Surely all this is not.
Now an international team of researchers was the search for the origin of the pathogen one step further. The scientists from the Infectious disease specialists Maciej Boni from the Pennsylvania State University, analyzed his genes and were thus able to reconstruct its evolutionary history. Here you found related viruses, which are also for people potentially dangerous, as they report in the journal “Nature Microbiology”.
Wuhan: researchers discover related Coronavirus
Sars-CoV-2 belongs to the so-called RNA viruses, whose genetic material consists of the biomolecule of ribonucleic acid. Boni and his colleagues compared the RNA sequences of the pathogen with those of other bat coronaviruses. They investigated the degree of recombination in the genome of these viruses. He fails to recognize the extent to which parts of their genome have been replaced.
As it must have, in the past, a rain of exchange in the whole of this sub-group of corona viruses, but also with other as yet unknown viruses given. The resulting mosaic of RNA segments of different origin, but also the number and length enabled the researchers to reconstruct the origin of Sars-CoV-2 and its Relatives from the virus Empire.
“corona viruses have genetic Material that is highly recombinant, which means that different regions of the Virus genome derived from multiple sources,” says study lead author bonuses. “This has made it difficult to reconstruct the origins of Sars-CoV-2. We had to identify all of these regions, and their stories follow.“ More to the Coronavirus to 3.5 million infections: Corona fiasco in the United States to stop the phenomenon of Corona-Fatigue: Covid-19-Convalescent suffer for weeks under Extreme-fatigue RKI provides Corona-Symptom-Chaos day-care centres to send healthy children to work from home half of the balance-sheet: 5 Corona-questions to which we urgently need answers to a Complete recovery not sure: Corona-patients suffer for weeks after infection.
96 percent Compliance, despite 50 years of “separation”
The result is: Sars-CoV-2, and another bat virus with the name RaTG13 are more closely related. The latter was found in 2013 in a horseshoe-nose, who lived in the 1600 kilometers from Wuhan, the remote province of Yunnan.
Apparently, both of these virus types are derived from a direct common ancestor. Both of these, as well as Sars-CoV-2 and RaTG13 developed presumably in the Horseshoe bats, are also used for other closely related coronaviruses as a Reservoir.
The genetic similarity between the two viruses is at 96 percent. However, despite the high Compliance, you must have developed since at least 1969, in two different lines.
According to the study, two similar, in Pangolinen found corona virus split, however, already before the emergence of Sars-CoV-2/RaTG13-line. This does not mean, however, that Sars-CoV-2 are likely to be in Pangolinen to the human virus, but in the bats.
At the same time, it turned out that there is next to Sars-CoV-2 a number of related viruses which evolved in bats and Pangolins. These pathogens, including Sars-CoV-2, broke up in front of 40 to 70 years of bat viruses.
Sars-CoV-2 comes from bats – Pangolin as an intermediate host, possible
“Overall, our analysis points to bats as the primary Reservoir for the Sars-CoV-2-line”, stress the researchers. “It is possible that Pangoline, or other not yet identified species served as intermediate host during the Transition to the people. However, at the moment it looks like a Virus that evolved in bats, brought a group of viruses that can infect the upper respiratory tract of humans and Pangolinen.“
This ability is according to the study, one of the older genetic characteristics of these viruses. The sting protein, which the Sars-CoV-2 to bind to the so-called ACE2 Receptor on human cells is remarkably little changed through recombinations and, thus, no innovation is created in this pathogen.
Consequently, in this structure, the Sars-CoV-2 is a pathogen for humans and other bat coronaviruses. Thus, these human cells could be infected. More to the Coronavirus coronavirus infection: 4 factors to decide whether there are too many aerosols in space to fly in Corona, times – shows how high the risk of Infection is really “Corona-weather report”: researchers can now predict where infection cluster arise as a Professor, explains that 2. Lockdown survives Germany only under three conditions. Full recovery not sure: Corona-patients suffer for weeks after the infection, and risk of hypertension: the heart,-explained the Professor, for whom the Corona-risk
Sars-CoV-2-ancestors can be mammalian cells, infect
“It is clear that viruses closely related to Sars-CoV-2, to circulate for decades, in horseshoe bats”, sum bonuses and his colleagues. “The various tribes that descended from the common ancestor of Sars-CoV-2/RaTG13, form a group with the General ability to infect mammalian cells. This enabled the Transition to the people, and could be done again.“
This diversity and the dynamic process of recombination between the viral strains make it difficult to identify potentially dangerous pathogens before they appear, and larger outbreaks cause, according to the researchers. Therefore, there is need for a global monitoring system, the unusual clusters of disease to rapidly detect the pathogen can then identify and characterize.
See you in the PCP that you See in the Orca lures birds with clever Trick in ambush – one of them is in FOCUS Online/Wochit Orca birds attracts with clever Trick in ambush – one falls on it in
