The director of the European Southern Observatory, the Spaniard Xavier Barcons said, “We will see something new, rare and extraordinary, in the centre of the galaxy.” Huib Jan van Langevelde (project manager for Event Horizon Telescope) said, “It’s very exciting to be here to present you the first image in this puzzle.” The EHT scientists just presented in Garching, Munich, the first photo Sagittarius A* of our galaxy’s black hole at the center of the Milky Way. This was met with applause.
Sagittarius A*, located approximately 27,000 light years from us, is home to 4 million solar masses and acts as a giant sink into which the surrounding stars rush. These lines are what you see. Or rather, it’s what you don’t see in that center of the image, the black circle framed with a glowing ring superhot gas. The Astrophysical Journal published a special issue that contains the findings.
When a star ends its life and explodes as supernova, it creates a black hole. It then begins to absorb all of the matter in its surrounding. It is not empty space. Instead, it is a small area with a lot of matter packed into a small space. Its gravitational attraction is billions of fold greater than Earth’s, and no light can escape it. There are two types of supermassive black holes: one that is stellar and can hold tens to thousands of solar masses, and one that is located in the center of galaxies like Sagittarius A*. Astrophysicists believe many galaxies contain a supermassive dark hole in their centers.
The EHT is an ensemble of eight radio telescopes located in America, Europe and Africa that operate in a network similar to an antenna the size the Earth. Jose Luis Gomez of the Scientific Council said yesterday that the Spanish contribution was very important as the IRAM Pico Veleta Observatory in Granada was the only European member of the network in 2017. of the EHT, and researcher at The Institute of Astrophysics of Andalusia. This collaboration includes more than 300 scientists. It was established in 2015 to get the first images of black holes. The existence of this type of star was first proposed by John Michell, an English clergyman and geologist, and predicted by Albert Einstein in 1915. Einstein never stopped hitting. Geoffrey Bower, of the Academia Sinica in Taipei, said that it was surprising how closely the size of the Sagittarius A* ring matches Einstein’s predictions. .
Although there are many closer stellar black holes, the EHT initially focused its attention on two distant ones: Sagittarius A*, and the one at M87. These were very bright, close elliptical galaxies that scientists found easier to detect due to their size. hunt. They did it right. The consortium presented the world the first photograph of a black hole on April 10, 2019. It was taken from the ring gas which is about to explode into it and disappear forever.
The world was shown the image of M87* which is 55 million light-years away in the middle of the galaxy with the same name. It was 6,500 million solar masses in size and had a diameter of 9,000,000,000 kilometers. The Solar System to Neptune could fit inside it. It was already known that the next target for the EHT would likely be Sagittarius A*. This smaller but still very close object is also predicted.
Despite their differences in size, the two black holes look very similar in these photos. This is important because it is one of the basic predictions of the theory relativity that all black holes will look identical. It is a ring made of gas around the event horizon, whose size changes only depending on how far you are from it,” Gomez says.
Anatomy of a
Black hole
It is a celestial body which concentrates
A lot of mass in one volume
Very small, and thus the field
It creates gravitational pull around itself
It is huge.
Land
Sagittarius black hole radius A*
Luna
The’monster’ in the photo is
A sphere with approximately 6 million inhabitants
It is approximately 2,000 kilometers in radius.
Say, 15 times the distance between
From the earth to the Moon
RECREATION
One
2
4
5
3
one.
Relativistic jet:
When the stars are taken in
By black holes, jets
Radiation and particles
Ejected at a speed
Nearly the same as light.
2.
Photon Sphere
Made up of emitted photos
The hot plasma around the
Black hole and they are curved
Because of its gravity.
3.
accretion disk:
Superheated gas and superheated dust
Rush towards the black hole
Incredible speed
Radiation production
Electromagnetic (X-rays)
4.
Singularity:
Region of infinite density
All energy and all matter fall.
5.
Event horizon:
The radius around the singularity
Where light and matter are not compatible
Escape the gravity of the hole
It is the end of all things.
Anatomy of the black hole
It is a celestial body which concentrates mass in a small area.
It creates a gravitational field around itself
It is huge.
Land
Sagittarius black hole radius A*
Luna
The’monster’ in the photo is
A sphere with approximately 6 million inhabitants
It is approximately 2,000 kilometers in radius.
Say, 15 times the distance between
From the earth to the Moon
RECREATION
One
2
4
5
3
one.
Relativistic jet:
When stars are pulled into black holes, the speed at which radiation and particles are expelled is close to that of the speed of light.
2.
Photon Sphere
The photons that surround the black hole emit hot plasma, which is curved by its enormous gravity, form the photons.
3.
accretion disk:
Superheated gas and superheated dust precipitate
The black hole is moving at incredible speed and producing electromagnetic radiation
(X-rays).
4.
Singularity:
Region of infinite density, where all fall
The energy and the matter
5.
Event horizon:
The radius around the singularity, where light and matter can’t escape
hole gravity. It is the point of not
return.
Anatomy of the black hole
It is a celestial body which concentrates mass in a small area.
It is small, and therefore the gravitational field it creates around itself
It is huge.
RECREATION
One
Land
Sagittarius black hole radius A*
Luna
The’monster’ in the photo is
A sphere with approximately 6 million inhabitants
It is approximately 2,000 kilometers in radius.
Say, 15 times the distance between
From the earth to the Moon
2
4
5
3
one.
Relativistic jet:
Jets of particles are created when stars are sucked in to black holes.
Radiation and heat are expelled at speeds close to that of light.
2.
Photon Sphere
The photons that surround the black hole emit hot plasma, which is curved by its enormous gravity, form the photons.
3.
accretion disk:
Superheated gas and superheated dust rush towards the black hole at a
It is possible to produce electromagnetic radiation (X Rays) at incredible speed.
4.
Singularity:
Region of infinite density, where all energy and all matter fall.
5.
Event horizon:
The radius around the singularity, where light and matter can’t be combined
Escape the gravity of the hole It is the end of all possibilities.
Robert Brown and Bruce Balick, both astronomers, discovered in 1974 using the US National Radio Astronomy Observatory a bright and compact radio source at the center of Milky Way. Brown gave it the name Sagittarius in 1982 to distinguish it from other objects in the area. They didn’t know what it was. He gained weight over time to prove that the radio source was a supermassive dark hole. In 1994, its mass was 3 million times the Sun’s.
Simulation of the orbits stars at very close proximity to the supermassive dark hole at the center the Milky Way. / ESO / L. Calcada / Spaceengine.org
Two teams of astronomers led by Reinhard Genzel of Germany and Andrea Ghez of America studied the orbits near the galactic centre. They found that an invisible supermassive pulled the stars and caused them to move at incredible speeds. They were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics 2020 for their identification of Sagittarius A* to be a black hole.
Sagittarius A* was more difficult to photograph than M87*. “The material that we see glowing travels around a black hole at a speed very close to the speed light. Sagittarius A* being more than 1000 times smaller means that the gas takes over a thousand times longer to complete one revolution. This means that the gas’s configuration changes every minute. To get the desired image, we need to expose for 8 to 10 hours. This was similar to trying to capture a photograph of a child running through a garden. The exposure time needed to get the image was 8-10 hours. It would look blurry. We had to create new algorithms to avoid blurry images. The M87* was a giant gas molecule. It didn’t change in the M87* case, so it was easier to get the image. According to the Spanish astrophysicist who believes that we will soon be able to see clearer images of Sagittarius A* which the EHT returned to observe in 2018 and 2021.
M87* is 1,600x more massive than the hole at the center of our galaxy. However, it is far from the largest known. TON 618 holds the record with 66,000,000,000 solar masses, a diameter 390,000,000,000 kilometers, and a distance of 2,600 miles from the Earth to the Sun.
