Three stones were in the kidneys of the socialist Ramón Jáuregui by the “sufferings” that we saw the coalition government of which he was number two in the Basque Country between 1987 and 1991, with José Antonio Ardanza (PNV) as lehendakari. Both remembered their disputes, which were not few, in a long conversation this last christmas, when Jauregui congratulated the golden wedding of his exsocio political and, however, friend: “When we had problems, for example if there was a vote about the right of self-determination, Ardanza and I were going to eat with Xavier Arzalluz and Txiki Benegas [headed by the PNV and the Socialist Party of Euskadi (PSE)] and remitíamos parties such discrepancies policies insurmountable”.
Meals on a regular basis to relax tensions, permanent communication between the chiefs of staff of each of the leaders and teams equipped with flexibility and empathy to pave the meetings of the Council of Ministers. These are some of the recipes that help to grease a coalition like the PSOE and United We will make up for the first time in the Government of Spain, according to the testimony of several protagonists of the many executives from the autonomous region that have been born of an alliance between parties. “The most important thing is to take the coalition without complexes, without thinking that you are in sin, and bring down that political culture that comes from the franco era and that calls for a government of a single party is better and more stable: a coalition has more social basis and is more faithful to the spirit of representative democracy,” says Anxo Quintana, vice-president for the Galician Nationalist Bloc (BNG) of the Xunta, a bipartisan that between 2005 and 2009, he chaired the socialist Emilio Pérez Touriño.
Find the vaccine against the evils of a government action divided is one of the most difficult challenges, match the majority of respondents. Especially with formations like PSOE and United we Can who fish part of their votes on the same fishing grounds, electoral and supported in leadership positions as strong as those of Pedro Sanchez and Pablo Iglesias. “It is essential not to fall into the temptation to use the government as an element of electoral competition with your partner; the government action must be unitary”, warns Touriño, who recommended to avoid “the image that there are two presidents” or “two governments,” and establish mechanisms “of respect and mutual loyalty”.
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The announcement of a fourth vice-president scrambled to Can the PSOE and United we Can accept that they may vote different in everything that is not the action of the Government Churches: “We have made a program of the Government very moderate thinking in Europe”
But how to achieve that? “You must have a team that enters the communication every day, from first thing in the morning, to avoid dissonant voices. The extreme right will pose them to an ambush and continuously have to agree on the answers. The story of the work of a government, large messages, must be unique”, posed by Joan Puigcercós, who was a counselor for Esquerra Republicana de Catalunya (ERC) in the tripartite that was presided over by the socialist José Montilla in Catalonia between 2006 and 2010. By not having an absolute majority in the Congress, PSOE and United We should “agree on negotiations with the partners mps,” adds Puigcercós, and prepare for what, in their judgment, will be the focus of all the tensions: “In the portfolio of the Treasury is going to sweat blood to distribute the budget among so many ministries and partners parliamentarians”.
Manuel Alcaraz, counselor in the first coalition, in the Valencian Community, between socialist and Compromís, training this last to which it belongs, considered a key “the ability of the design” of the executive: “The miscegenation of charges socialists and Compromís in the same departments that were in our case it seems to me that it was a success, because it gave us security and partners. In some departments could be a disaster, as also occurred between people of the same party, but it limited the risk of the coalitions that in the end there are two governments”.
Types of governments in the AUTONOMOUS communities
Matches
color matches
President
Coalition
Cantabria
Cas. and Leon
Basque Country
Navarre
La Rioja
Aragon
Catalonia
C. they are Worth.
Murcia
Andalusia
Madrid
Balearic islands
Canary islands
Melilla
PRC
PP
PNV
PSOE
PSOE
PSOE
JxC
PSOE
PP
PP
PP
PSOE
PSOE
Cs
PSOE
Citizens
PSOE
Geroa Bai, We can
we Can
we Can, PAIR, Chunta
CKD
Compromís, we Can
Cs
Cs
Cs
we Can, Més
NC, Yes we Can, ASG
PSOE, Coalition
for Melilla
In
minority
PSOE
PP
Asturias
Ceuta
Most
absolute
PP
PSOE
PSOE
Galicia
Extremadura
C.-La Mancha
Source: own elaboration
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Types of governments in the AUTONOMOUS communities
Matches
color matches
President
Coalition
Cantabria
Cas. and Leon
Basque Country
Navarre
La Rioja
Aragon
Catalonia
C. they are Worth.
Murcia
Andalusia
Madrid
Balearic islands
Canary islands
Melilla
PRC
PP
PNV
PSOE
PSOE
PSOE
JxC
PSOE
PP
PP
PP
PSOE
PSOE
Cs
PSOE
Citizens
PSOE
Geroa Bai, we Can
we Can
we Can, PAIR, Chunta
CKD
Compromís, we Can
Cs
Cs
Cs
we Can, Més
NC, Yes we Can, ASG
PSOE, Coalition
for Melilla
In
minority
PSOE
PP
Asturias
Ceuta
Most
absolute
PP
PSOE
PSOE
Galicia
Extremadura
C.-La Mancha
Source: own elaboration
THE COUNTRY
Types of governments in the AUTONOMOUS communities
Community
Parties. In colour, the parties of the President
Coalition
Cantabria
Castile and León
Basque Country
Navarre
La Rioja
Aragon
Catalonia
C. Valenciana
Murcia
Andalusia
Madrid
Balearic islands
Canary islands
Melilla
PRC
PP
PNV
PSOE
PSOE
PSOE
JxC
PSOE
PP
PP
PP
PSOE
PSOE
Cs
PSOE
Citizens
PSOE
Geroa Bai, we Can
we Can
We may, COUPLE, Chunta
ERC
Compromís, We can
Cs
Cs
Cs
We may, Month
NC, Yes we Can, ASG
PSOE, Coalition for Melilla
PSOE
PP
Asturias
Ceuta
In a minority
PP
PSOE
PSOE
Most
absolute
Galicia
Extremadura
C.-La Mancha
Source: own elaboration
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Another of the difficulties lies in combining cultures, different policies. Touriño admits that in the bipartite gallego weighed the fact that the charges of the PSdeG-PSOE and the BNG belonged to different generations, not to know well in advance and arrived to a Management “built and controlled by, related to the PP” after many years of hard struggle between socialism and nationalism galicia by the same electorate.
PSOE and United we Can must also fit their trajectories. The valencian Alcaraz explains that the lack of culture of government of We leads him to think “much more in ideological terms than achieving concrete achievements”, in front of a PSOE “worked to rule”, thus for “many boxes media means to distribute power.” “If they manage to balance a certain freshness and imagination with the ability of governance in particular, the Executive will be able to work, as I believe happened in the “Generalitat valenciana”, he concludes.
Sharing the limelight
Jáuregui recommended “discretion and internal working” within the Government to “manage differences and communication,” so that “everything is greased and not transmitted to the discrepancies”: The externalisation of the internal division is lethal.” Considered a “must have” a “partner balance” to “talk every day” and that could be integrated by the secretary-general of the Presidency and the chief of staff of Churches. Puigcercós recommended that PSOE and United we Can incorporate them into their equipment to people who can prove “authority and legitimacy among his own” and “empathy with the members of government”.
The distribution of the prominence is another possible edge that should Polish up well. Quintana claimed that “the visibility of the force a minority should not be a goal” in which you must engage the majority party because “it is a democratic right and if left to the free will of each one just having” competition”. Jauregui match and calls for the PSOE to be “understanding” with United we Can. “The bottom is logical to try to remove the head”, wields, since it is the one “who is at greater risk of being diluted”.
In their conversation of these christmases, Jauregui recalled with Ardanza their “rivalries” when they shared government, many of them “trivial” in the eyes of now, and how after that coalition of the PSE went missing and dropped three seats in the elections: “those years Were very difficult. We had to give in and fellow socialists are not always understood. But it had to incorporate the basque nationalism the fight against ETA. Were higher values, were reasons of State”.
With information of Ignacio Zafra .
Griñán: “My experience with IU was of mutual loyalty”
The coalition governments have not been exceptional in Andalusia. Four has been in almost 38 years. The socialists made a pact with the defunct Partido Andalucista in the V (1996-2000) and VI (2000-2004) legislatures. In 2012, the PSOE lost the elections, but maintained the Board thanks to an agreement with IU. From 2019, PP and Citizens share the andalusian Government, supported in Parliament by the ultra-right Vox. Your voyage is peaceful, for the moment.
José Antonio Griñán was the president who pushed for the pact with IU. “I never wanted an agreement of endowment, or legislature, but a Government with a party respectable as the PCE. The coalition responds always to the mutual loyalty. Is not measured by the sympathies, but by the fulfillment of what is agreed previously. My experience was very good,” he says to THE COUNTRY. In that government the vice president was the then coordinator of IU, Diego Valderas, which Griñán considered a “great politician”.
Mario Jiménez, was one of the muñidores of the first left-wing coalition in Andalusia, first as deputy secretary general of the PSOE in andalusia, and then as spokesperson of the parliamentary group. Recognizes that building the agreement was work —”the communists love the discussions”, he says, but that both parties were able to give an “answerria and responsible”, with the support of the trade unions, in the full swing of the economic crisis. “What gives stability to a coalition is that you keep the political principles and the protagonists,” he says.
that did Not happen. Griñán resigned from the presidency. He was replaced by Susana Diaz. And Valderas ceased to be coordinator of IU. Antonio Maíllo relieved him in the office. “The coalition worked well until they changed the circumstances of the other party,” says Jimenez. The same opinion keeps Maíllo of the socialists: “From the point of view of the dialogue is passed from a strategic vision and long-term Griñán —incorporating UI into the culture of government without humiliation and with patience and pedagogy— a quiebro with Susana Díaz, who needed to legitimize their choice with a stage vertical in the relations between the parties”.
The left-wing coalition in Andalusia did not meet the three years of life. For Jimenez, it was a model of reference for the rest of Spain; for Maíllo, “an attempt to build in the middle of a crisis, a policy distinct from both the Government of Rajoy as the own andalusian Government of the PSOE in the previous legislature”.
