Two French evacuation machines from Niger arrived in France on Wednesday night. This was announced by the French general staff on Wednesday. The first plane had more than 260 people on board, including 12 babies. Most passengers were French.
So far, more than 40 Germans have been able to leave the country with the flights. “Today there will be more flights. I thank my French counterpart Catherine Colonna from the bottom of my heart,” said Foreign Minister Annalena Baerbock (Greens).
The uncomplicated and pragmatic cooperation in times of crisis shows what Europe can achieve in foreign and security policy if we work together. “With the same unity and determination, we as the European Union are also supporting the international efforts to restore constitutional order in Niger,” said Baerbock.
According to the ministry, around 500 to 600 French people had previously been in Niger. French soldiers are also stationed in the country. Paris also justified the evacuation with the closure of airspace in Niger. This left no way for its own citizens to leave the country themselves. In addition, there were reports of violence at the French embassy over the weekend during pro-coup protests. Niger’s new military junta accused France of planning military intervention in the country.
British and German travel warnings
After the overthrow, operations at the airport in the Niger capital Niamey were officially prohibited up to and including Friday. However, France received permission to land with three machines.
The Federal Foreign Office also issued a travel warning yesterday and advised German nationals to leave the country. There were currently almost 100 German civilians in Niger. The British Foreign Office also issued a travel warning.
Constitution invalid
On Wednesday last week, officers of the Presidential Guard arrested the democratically elected President Mohamed Bazoum and declared him ousted. The commander of the Presidential Guard, General Abdourahamane Tiani, proclaimed himself the new ruler on Friday.
Shortly after Tiani came to power, the putschists suspended the constitution and dissolved all constitutional institutions. After military coups in Mali and Burkina Faso since 2020, Niger was the last of the three neighboring countries in the Sahel to be led by a democratically elected government – and a key partner for the West.
Meanwhile, the military government reopened the land and air borders with five neighboring countries. As the spokesman for the junta said on national television that night, these are the border crossings to Mali, Burkina Faso, Algeria, Libya and Chad. The junta also appointed new governors for the country’s eight regions.
Pistorius: “trying to hold onto base”
The Bundeswehr operates an air transport base in Niamey, where more than 100 German soldiers are currently stationed. In addition, the staff of the German Embassy found refuge there. The overthrow now poses major challenges for the Bundeswehr. The base is the central hub for German soldiers in the region. The ongoing withdrawal of German blue helmets from the UN mission Minusma from neighboring Mali also runs over it. The military government in Mali had demanded that UN soldiers be withdrawn by the end of the year.
If there is a way to guarantee the security of the soldiers, “then we will also try to stick to a base,” said Defense Minister Boris Pistorius (SPD). At the same time, alternatives are being sought as to how the withdrawal from Mali could be organized via other flight routes.
It is already foreseeable that the putsch will make the withdrawal of the Bundeswehr from Mali much more difficult than planned, Sahel expert Ulf Laessing from the Konrad Adenauer Foundation told the editorial network Germany (RND). “It is to be feared that the new rulers, like in Mali, will demand separate flight permits, which then have to be applied for in each case,” Laessing continued. There are no alternatives to Niger. The land route through Mali or Burkina Faso is too dangerous.
Situation with potential for violence
At the same time, the conflict in Niger could escalate further. The West African community of states Ecowas had given the putschists an ultimatum on Sunday. If President Bazoum is not reinstated within a week, Ecowas will take action, which could include violence, it said.
Burkina Faso and Mali warned Ecowas not to intervene and threatened that any military intervention against Niger would amount to a declaration of war against their countries as well. However, it is unclear whether Ecowas can actually make the threat come true. The federation, which was founded as an economic community, does not have a joint military intervention force.
Meanwhile, US Secretary of State Antony Blinken reiterated his country’s support for President Bazoum. In a phone call with Bazoum, he stressed that the US opposes attempts to overthrow the constitutional order. Rather, democratic governance and respect for the rule of law and human rights would be supported.
